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Industrial Chemicals
We are engaged in trading premium quality Industrial Chemicals. In this product range, we offer many chemicals, which is made available to the clients in high-grade packaging. Procured from trusted vendors of the market, our chemicals are in compliance with international quality standards. These industrial chemicals are highly appreciated in the market for accurate composition, purity and longer shelf life. Barium Carbonate/ Zinc Chloride/ Tri Sodium Phosphate/ Titanium Dioxide/ Sodium Nitrate/ Sodium Dichromate/ Stearic Acid/ Sodium Sulphate/ Sodium Carbonate/ Sodium Hypochlorite/ Silica Gel/ Soda Ash/ Sulphuric Acid/ Sodium Tripoly Phosphate/ Sodium Chloride/ Phosphoric Acid/ Potassium Chloride/ Boric Acid/ Zinc Sulphate/ Zinc Oxide/ Zinc Carbonate/ Bleaching Powder/ Calcium Hypochlorite/ Sodium Silicate Powder/ Sodium Silicate Liquid/. "We are leading supplier and exporter of above Industrial chemicals in Eastern India mainly Kolkata, Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, Assam, Siliguri, Durgapur, Asansol, Ranchi, Dhanbad, Nepal & Bhutan region."
Bleaching Powder
Form | Powder |
Color | White |
Formula | Ca(ClO)2 |
Molar mass | 142.98 g/mol |
CAS Number | 7778-54-3 |
Density | 2.35 g/cm3 |
Gpc Graphitized Petroleum Coke
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose
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Form | White or light yellow powder, freely flowable |
Usage | Industrial |
Water | 10 % Max |
CMC | 80.0% min |
Substitution degree | 0.80 % min |
PH | 7.0-9.0 |
Other Details:-
|
LV-CMC |
MV-CMC |
HV-CMC |
Appearance |
White or light yellow powder, freely flowable |
||
Water,% |
10 max |
||
CMC,% |
80.0 min |
85.0 min |
95.0 min |
Substitution degree,% |
0.80 min |
0.65 min |
0.8 min |
PH |
7.0-9.0 |
7.0-9.0 |
6.5-8.0 |
Type |
Item |
Typical measured values |
|||
Distilled water |
Brine |
Saturated brine |
|||
Base mud |
Filtration loss, ml |
60±10 |
90±10 |
100±10 |
|
Apparent viscosity, mPa•s |
6 max |
6 max |
10 max |
||
PH |
8.0±1.0 |
8.0±1.0 |
7.5±1.0 |
||
HV-CMC |
Mud generating capacity, m3 /t |
200 min |
150 min |
160 min |
|
LV-CMC |
Filtration loss = 10ml |
Addition rate, g/l |
-- |
7.0 max |
10.0 max |
Apparent viscositymPa•s |
-- |
4.0 max |
6.0 max |
||
MV-CMC |
Addition rate,g/l |
6.0 |
14.0 |
3.5 |
|
Apparent viscosity,mPa•s |
15 min |
15 min |
15 min |
||
Filtration loss,ml |
9 max |
9 max |
9 max |
Sodium Sulphate
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Molar Mass | 142.04 g/mol |
Physical State | Powder |
Usage | Industrial |
Grade Standard | Technical Grade |
Brand | Akshar Exim |
Formula | Na2SO4 |
Other Details:-
Criteria | Specifications |
SODIUM SULPHATE (as Na2SO4) | 99.5 Min |
Matter Insoluble in Water | 0.01 Max |
Chlorides (as NaCl) | 0.02 Max |
Iron as Fe | 0.001 Max |
Loss of Drying | 0.50 Max |
Ph (of 10% Solution) | 7.5 - 9.5 |
Iron, Aluminium & Chromium (as R203) | 0.02 Max |
Moisture (%) | 0.02 Max |
Bulk Density (Gm./CC) | 1.2 - 1.6 |
Loss On Ignition at 6000C | < 0.05% |
CaSO4 + MgSO4 (as Calcium) | 40 ppm |
Sieve Test | + 60 Mesh 0.70% + 100 Mesh 22.4% + 150 Mesh 70.4% + 240 Mesh 95.2% |
Description | Free flowing white powder |
Alum Powder
Specification
- Application: water treatment,food additive, industry grade
- Appearance: Lump, powder
- Grade Standard: Food Grade,Industrial Grade
- Type: Aluminum Sulphate
- Other Names: flocculant
Zinc Chloride
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With the help of our most trusted vendors, we are offering a qualitative range of Zinc Chloride/. Processed using top-notch quality ingredients, this zinc chloride is procured from the reputed vendors of the market.
The offered range of the zinc chloride> is highly known among the clients for its following remarkable features:
- Precise pH value
- Accurate composition
- Longer shelf life
Specifications:
- CAS number: 7646-85-7
- Molecular formula: ZnCl2
- Molar mass: 136.315 g/mol
- Appearance: White crystalline solid hygroscopic
- Odor: odorless
- Density: 2.907 g/cm3
Zinc chloride has the ability to react with metal oxides (MO) to give derivatives of the formula MZnOCl2This reaction is relevant to the utility of ZnCl2 solution as a flux forsoldering — it dissolves oxide coatings exposing the clean metal surface.Fluxes with ZnCl2 as an active ingredient are sometimes called "tinner's fluid". Concentrated aqueous solutions of zinc chloride (more than 64% weight/weight zinc chloride in water) have the interesting property of dissolving starch, silk, and cellulose. Thus, such solutions cannot be filtered through standard filter papers. Relevant to its affinity for these materials, ZnCl2 is used as a fireproofing agent and in fabric "refresheners" such as Febreze.
Potassium Chloride
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Potassium chloride was historically known as "muriate of potash". This name is occasionally still encountered in association with its use as a fertilizer. Potash varies in color from pink or red to white depending on the mining and recovery process used. White potash, sometimes referred to as soluble pota sh, is usually higher in analysis and is used primarily for making liquid starter fertilizers. KCl is used in medicine, scientific applications, and food processing. It occurs naturally as the mineral sylvite and in combination with sodium chloride as sylvinite.
The majority of the potassium chloride produced is used for making fertilizer, since the growth of many plants is limited by their potassium intake. As a chemical feedstock, it is used for the manufacture of potassium hydroxide and potassium metal. It is also used in medicine, lethal injections, scientific applications, food processing, and as a sodium-free substitute for table salt (sodium chloride).
It is sometimes used in water as a completion fluid in petroleum and natural gas operations, as well as being an alternative to sodium chloride in household water softener units. KCl is useful as a beta radiation source for calibration of radiation monitoring equipment, because natural potassium contains 0.0118% of the isotope 40K. One kilogram of KCl yields 16350 becquerels of radiation consisting of 89.28% beta and 10.72% gamma with 1.46083 MeV. Potassium chloride is used in some deicing products that are designed to be safer for pets and plants, though these are inferior in melting quality to calcium chloride [lowest usable temperature 12 °F (−11 °C) v. −25 °F (−32 °C)]. It is also used in various brands of bottled water, as well as in bulk quantities for fossil fuel drilling purposes.
Urea
Urea is used to treat dry/rough skin conditions (e.g., eczema, psoriasis, corns, callus) and some nail problems (e.g., ingrown nails). It may also be used to help remove dead tissue in some wounds to help wound healing. Urea is known as a keratolytic.
Silica Gel
Owing to our years of experience and in-depth knowledge of this domain, we are offering excellent quality Silica Gel. Offered silica gel> is processed by our vendors in accordance with the international quality standards & norms. Customers can avail this gel from us at reasonable prices.
Specification:
- Loss on drying: Not more that 5% mass
- Absorption Capacity: 27% min on the basis of mass
- PH: 3.5 to 8
- Chlorides: 0.05% by mass max
- Cobalt (as CoCl2): 0.4 by mass max
- Ammonium compounds (as NaH3): 0.5% by mass max
- Sulphates (Na2SO4) : 0.5% by mass max
Other Details:
- Silica gel may also be used to keep the relative humidity (RH) inside a high frequency radio or satellite transmission system waveguide as low as possible (see also Humidity buffering). Excessive moisture buildup within a waveguide can cause arcing inside the waveguide itself, damaging the power amplifier feeding it. Also, the beads of water that form and condense inside the waveguide change the characteristic impedance and frequency, degrading the signal. It is common for a small compressed air system (similar to a small home aquarium pump) to be employed to circulate the air inside the waveguide over a jar of silica gel.
- Silica gel is also used to dry the air in industrial compressed air systems. Air from the compressor discharge flows through a bed of silica gel beads. The silica gel adsorbs moisture from the air, preventing damage at the point of use of the compressed air due to condensation or moisture. The same system is used to dry the compressed air on railway locomotives, where condensation and ice in the brake air pipes can lead to brake failure.
- Silica gel is sometimes used as a preservation tool to control relative humidity in museum and library exhibitions and storage.
- Other applications include diagnostic test strips, inhalation devices, syringes, drug test kits and hospital sanitation kits.
Potash Alum
Magnesium Silicate
- remove free fatty acids and other polar compounds from used cooking oils to extend their life.
- It can also be used to purify biodiesel by adsorbing free
- glycerin,
- soaps,
- methanol as well as monoglycerides and sterol glucosides.
Sodium Silicate Powder
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State | Powdered |
Sodium oxide | 30%+_2 |
Colour | Gray to greenish Lumps |
Total Insoluble | 2% Max. |
Formula | Na2SiO3 |
Density | 2.4 g/cm3 |
Poly Vinyl Alcohol
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Form | Powder |
Purity % | 99% |
Packaging Details | 20 kg Bag |
Usage/Application | Thickener in cosmetics, Sizing agent, Emulsion stabilizer in adhesives |
Grade Standard | Industrial Grade |
CAS No | 9002-89-5 |
Synonyms | PVA, Polyethenol, Polyviol, PVOH |
Chemical Formula | (C2H4O)x |
Molecular Weight | 44.05 g/mol |
Flash Point | 79.44 DegreeC |
Color | White |
Melting point | 230 C |
Density | 1.19 g/cm3 |
Boiling point | 228C |
Soluble in | Water |
Packaging Details | Price |
1 kg Bag | Rs 180 |
20 kg Bag | Rs 3,500 |
(*GST & transportations charges to be applied)
Polyvinyl alcohol, also known as PVOH, PVA, or PVAL, is a synthetic polymer that is soluble in water. It is effective in film forming, emulsifying, and has an adhesive quality. It has no odor and is not toxic, and is resistant to grease, oils, and solvents. It is ductile but strong, flexible, and functions as a high oxygen and aroma barrier.
We are one of the leading trader & exporters of Poly Vinyl Alcohol.
Get Best price of 99% pure 20 Kg Bag of Polyvinyl Alcohol CAS No. 9002-89-5, (C2H4O)x. For Certificate of Analysis (COA) & MSDS, kindly contact us.
Uses:
- Polyvinyl alcohol is widely used to strengthen textile yarn and papers, particularly to make the latter more resilient to oils and grease.
- It is used as an addictive to cement and mortar for efficient increase of their cohesion and fluidity, and reduce the drying time for the concrete surface.
- Polyvinyl alcohol can be also used as an adhesive agent for profiles.
- It is used as a coating agent for food supplements.
- It is used as a binding agent for plywood, artificial board and timber processing.
Storage Precautions:
- This chemical should be stored under ambient temperatures, and protect it from moisture and light. If possible, it would be prudent to store this compound under inert atmosphere.
Hazards:
- Inhalation of the dust of PVA may cause irritation of the nose and throat and cause coughing and chest discomfort.
- The dust may also irritate the eyes.
- Dust may aggravate symptoms of bronchitis or
may provoke asthmatic responses in persons with asthma who are sensitive to dust.
Protective Measures:
- Dust mask or respirator should be used when handling Polyvinyl alcohol.
- Safety goggles should be worn to prevent dust particles from entering the eye.
- Boots, Gloves and full suit should also be worn.
- A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product.
Hydrogen Peroxide
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Formula | H2O2 |
Molar Mass | 34.0147 g/mol |
Form | Liquid |
Density | 1.45 g/cm3 |
Boiling point | 150.2 C |
Melting point | -0.43 C |
Other Details:-
Item | 35%H2O2 | 50%H2O2 |
pH | 1.20~2.50 | 1.20~2.50 |
Purity wt% | 35~36 | 50~51 |
Specific Gravity 20/4 | 1.130min | 1.195min |
Free Acid as h2so4 wt% | 0.05max | 0.05max |
Residual wt% | 0.20max | 0.20max |
Stability % | 97.0min | 97.0min |
Chrome Oxide Green
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Physical State | Powder |
Appearance | Light to dark green |
Odour | Odourless |
pH | 7.5 at 0.5% solution |
Boiling Point | 4000 deg C |
Freezing Melting Point | 2435 deg C |
Solubility | Insoluble in water, acids, alcohols and alkalies |
Specific GravityDensity | 5.21 (water=1) |
Molecular Weight | 151.9902 |
ChromiumIIIoxide | 99.00 Minimum |
Water | 0.15 Maximum |
Soluble Salts | 0.20 Maximum |
Tri Ethanol Amine
Tri Sodium Phosphate
Form | Powder |
Molar Mass | 163.94 g/mol |
Grade Standard | Industrial Grade |
Packaging Type | Bag |
Formula | Na3PO4 |
Other Details:-
Formula | Na3PO4, Na3PO4.12H2O |
Grade | Technical: Pink, white |
Specifications | Anhydrous: Hydrate: |
Applications | Industrial detergent, metal treatment, toilet floor cleaner |
Acetic Acid
Density | 1.05 g/cm3 |
Molecular Formula | C2H4O2 |
Mol Wt | 60.05 |
CAS | 64-19-7 |
Boiling range in deg cel | 117 - 119 |
Crystallization point in deg cel | 15.7 min |
Flash point in deg cel | 40 |
Assay | 99.5 min |
ROE in ppm | 100 max |
Chlorine content in ppm | 15 max |
Formic acid | 0.15 (%) max |
Acetaldehyde in ppm | 500 max |
Water | 0.2 (%) max |
Aluminium Silicate
- white pigment in paints,
- printing inks and paper,
- where it acts as a partial substitute for titanium dioxide (extender),
- it also increases the covering power and brightness of both paint and paper.
Magnesium Sulphate
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Color | Transparent Crystal |
Physical State | Crystals |
Purity | More than 99% |
Mg | 9.6 % min |
Mgo | 16.0% Min |
PH | of 5% Soln 7 /- 0.5 |
Lead as Pb | Less than 2 PPM |
Iron as FE | 20 ppm |
Calcium as ca | 300 ppm |
Magnesium Sulphate is an inorganic salt (chemical compound) containing magnesium, sulphur and oxygen, with the formula MgSO4. It is often encountered as the heptahydrate sulphate mineral epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O), commonly called Epsom salt, taking its name from a bitter saline spring in Epsom in Surrey, England, where the salt was produced from the springs that arise where the porous chalk of the North Downs meets non-porous London clay.
Barium Sulphate
Packaging details | 25Kg Bag |
Purity | 99% |
Grade | Laboratory |
Usage/Application | Lab applications |
CAS Number | 7727-43-7 |
Form | Powder |
Molecular formula | BaSO4 |
Appearance | white color |
Shelf Life | long shelf life |
Molar Mass | 233.38 g/mol |
Density | 4.5 g/cm3 |
Melting point | 1,580 C |
Gravity | 4.3 |
Magnesium Carbonate
Color | White |
Molar Mass | 84.3139 g/mol |
Density | 2.96 g/cm3 |
Form of Chemicals | Granules |
Formula | MgCO3 |
Melting point | 540C |
Glycerine
Specific Gravity | At (20/20oC) 1.2622 min |
Moisture | 0.5% max |
Glycerol Content | 99.5 min |
Colour | (APHA) 10 max |
Ignition Residue | 0.01 (%) max |
Heavy Metals | 5 (ppm) max |
Arsenic | (ppm) 1.5 max |
Chloride | 0.001 (%) max |
Chlorinated Compound | (ppm) 30 max |
Fatty Acid and Ester | 1ml of 0.5N NaOH Consumed |
Sulphate | (ppm) 20 max |
Appearance | CLEAR Liquid |
Titanium Dioxide
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To meet the diverse requirements of our esteemed patrons, we are offering a comprehensive range of Titanium Dioxide:. Processed using high quality ingredients, offered titanium dioxide> is sourced from the reliable vendors of the market. The offered array of chemicals is available with us at competitive prices.
Following are the specifications of offered chemicals:
- CAS No.: 13463-67-7
- Molecular formula: TiO2
- Molar mass: 79.866 g/mol
- Appearance: White solid
- Odor: Odorless
- Density: 4.23 g/cm3
- Titanium dioxide titanium dioxide pigment : R-101 is zirconia and alumina treated rutile titanium dioxide pigment
The most important application areas are paints and varnishes as well as paper and plastics, which account for about 80% of the world's titanium dioxide consumption. Other pigment applications such as printing inks, fibers, rubber, cosmetic products and foodstuffs account for another 8%. The rest is used in other applications, for instance the production of technical pure titanium, glass and glass ceramics, electrical ceramics, catalysts, electric conductors and chemical intermediates
Sodium Nitrate
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Specification:
- Formula: NaNO3,
- Molar mass: 84.9947 g/mol,
- Melting point: 308 °C,
- Density: 2.26 g/cm³,
- Boiling point: 380 °C
USES of Sodium Nitrate:
- Sodium nitrate is also a food additive used as a preservative and color fixative in cured meats and poultry; it is listed under its INS number 251 or E number E251. Sodium nitrate should not be confused with sodium nitrite, which is also a common food additive and preservative used for example, in deli meats.
- Less common applications include as an oxidizer in fireworks replacing potassium nitrate commonly found in black powder and as a component in instant cold packs.
- Sodium nitrate is used together with potassium nitrate and calcium nitrate for heat storage and, more recently, for heat transfer in solar power plants. A mixture of sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate is used as energy storage material in prototype plants, such as Andasol Solar Power Station and the Archimede project.
- It is also used in the wastewater industry for facultative microorganism respiration. Nitrosomonas, a genus of microorganisms, consumes nitrate in preference to oxygen, enabling it to grow more rapidly in the wastewater to be treated.
- Sodium Nitrate is also sometimes used by marine aquarists who utilize carbon dosing techniques. It is used to increase nitrate levels in the water and promote bacterial growth.
Iso propyl alcohol
Packaging Type | can |
Packaging Size | 5L |
Physical Form | Liquid |
IPA is used in the extraction and purification of natural products such as vegetable and animal oil and fats. Other applications include its use as a cleaning and drying agent in the manufacture of electronic parts and metals, and as an aerosol solvent in medical and veterinary products.
Liquid Ammonia
Physical State | Liquid |
Specifications:
- Chemical name: Anhydrous ammonia
- Chemical formula: NH3
- Colour: Colourless Liquid
- Purity: 99.9%
- Packaging: Packing In seamless steel cylinder
Gypsum Powder
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Usage/Application | Industrial |
Color | Grey |
Specific Gravity | 2.31-2.33 |
Formula | CaSO4 .2H2O |
Form | Powder |
Solubility | Hot, dilute HCl |
Gypsum Powder is a mineral and is hydrated calcium sulfate in chemical form. Gypsum plays a very important role in controlling the rate of hardening of the cement. During the cement manufacturing process, upon the cooling of clinker, a small amount of gypsum is introduced during the final grinding process. Gypsum is added to control the “setting of cement”. If not added, the cement will set immediately after mixing of water leaving no time for concrete placing.
Boric Acid
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Enlisted below are the quality attributes of Boric Acid:
- CAS number: 10043-35-3
- Molecular formula: H3BO3
- Molar mass: 61.83 g mol−1
- Appearance: White crystalline solid
- Density: 1.435 g/cm3
Other Details:
- The primary industrial use of boric acid/ is in the manufacture of monofilament fiberglass usually referred to as textile fiberglass.
- Textile fiberglass is used to reinforce plastics in applications that range from boats, to industrial piping to computer circuit boards.
- In the jewelry industry, boric acid is often used in combination with alcohol to reduce surface oxidation and firescale from forming on metals during annealing and soldering operations.
- Boric acid is used in the production of the glass in LCD flat panel displays.
- In electroplating, boric acid is used as part of some proprietary formulas.
- Boric acid, mixed with borax (sodium tetraborate decahydrate) at the weight ratio of 4:5, is highly soluble in water, though they are not so soluble separately. The solution is used for fire retarding agent of wood by impregnation.
- It is also used in the manufacturing of ramming mass, a fine silica-containing powder used for producing induction furnace linings and ceramics.
- Boric acid is one of the most commonly used substances that can neutralize active hydrofluoric acid (HF). It works by forcing the free F− anions into complex salts. This process defeats the extreme toxicity of hydrofluoric acid, particularly its ability to sequester ionic calcium from blood serum which can lead to cardiac arrest and bone decomposition; such an event can occur from just minor skin contact with HF.
- Boric acid is added to borax for use as welding flux by blacksmiths.
- Boric acid, in combination with silicone oil, is used to manufacture Silly Putty.
- Boric acid, in combination with eighty other chemicals, is used in Marcellus Shale hydraulic fracturing.
Liquid Paraffin
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Application Areas:
- Ointment
- Textile Auxiliaries
- Leather industry
- Cosmetics
Sodium Aluminate
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China Clay
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China Clay (Kaolinite) is a clay mineral, part of the group of industrial minerals, with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4. It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina octahedra. Rocks that are rich in kaolinite are known as kaolin or china clay.
Specification for China Clay:
- Whiteness 94-96
- Average Particel Size 6 To 7
- Specific Surface Area 1.9
- Sp. Gravity 2.7 - 2.8
- Bulk Density 0.35 - 0.38
- Oil Absorption 35 – 38
- pH Value 4.5 - 6.5
- Moisture 0.4
- SiO2 55 – 58
- Al2O3 33 – 35
- Fe2O3 0.1
- Mixed Oxides 205
- TiO2 Traces
- Loss on Ignition 6.0
Soda Ash
Leveraging on our vast knowledge and experience of this domain, we are offering top-notch quality Soda Ash/. Processed by our vendors using optimum quality ingredients, it is widely used as a water softener in laundering.
Specifications:
- Total alkalinity (as Na2Co3 in dry base) %: 99.2
- Chloride content (as NACL) %: 0.70
- Iron content (as Fe in dry base) /%: 0.003
- Sulphate content (as SO4 in dry base) /%: 0.03
- Water insoluble matter /%: 0.03
- Loss on ignition a/ %: 0.5
Other Details:
- Sodium carbonate is used by the brick industry as a wetting agent to reduce the amount of water needed to extrude the clay.
- In casting, it is referred to as "bonding agent" and is used to allow wet alginate to adhere to gelled alginate.
- Sodium carbonate is used in toothpastes, where it acts as a foaming agent and an abrasive, and to temporarily increase mouth pH.
- Sodium carbonate is used by the cotton industry to neutralize the sulfuric acid need for acid de-linting of fuzzy cottonseed.
- Sodium carbonate, in a solution with common salt, may be used for cleaning silver. In a non-reactive container (glass, plastic or ceramic) aluminium foil and the silver object are immersed in the hot salt solution.
- The elevated pH dissolves the aluminium oxide layer on the foil and enables an electrolytic cell to be established. Hydrogen ions produced by this reaction reduce the sulfide ions on the silver restoring silver metal.
- The sulfide can be released as small amounts of hydrogen sulfide. Rinsing and gently polishing the silver restores a highly polishe
Rubbing Alcohol
Nitrobenzene
Formic Acid
Specifications for Formic Acid:
- Appearance : Colourless liquid
- Purity : 85% min
- Chroma (as platinum-cobalt) : 10 max
- Chloride (as CL) : 0.005% max
- Sulphate(as SO4) : 0.002% max
- Ferrous(as FE) : 0.0005%
- Evaporation Residue : 0.02% max
Sodium Carbonate
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Specifications:
- Formula: Na2CO3
- Molar mass: 105.9885 g/mol
- Density: 2.54 g/cm³
- Boiling point: 1,633 °C
- Melting point: 851 °C
- Soluble in: Water
Other Details:
- Sodium carbonate is used by the brick industry as a wetting agent to reduce the amount of water needed to extrude the clay.
- In casting, it is referred to as "bonding agent" and is used to allow wet alginate to adhere to gelled alginate.
- Sodium carbonate is used in toothpastes, where it acts as a foaming agent and an abrasive, and to temporarily increase mouth pH.
- Sodium carbonate is used by the cotton industry to neutralize the sulfuric acid need for acid de-linting of fuzzy cottonseed.
Sodium carbonate, in a solution with common salt, may be used for cleaning silver. In a non-reactive container (glass, plastic or ceramic) aluminium foil and the silver object are immersed in the hot salt solution. The elevated pH dissolves the aluminium oxide layer on the foil and enables an electrolytic cell to be established. Hydrogen ions produced by this reaction reduce the sulfide ions on the silver restoring silver metal. The sulfide can be released as small amounts of hydrogen sulfide. Rinsing and gently polishing the silver restores a highly polishe
Sodium Chloride
Industrial USES of SALT> Sodium Chloride:
- Only about 6% of the salt manufactured in the world is used in food. Of the remainder, 12% is used in water conditioning processes, 8% goes for de-icing highways and 6% is used in agriculture. The rest (68%) is used for manufacturing and other industrial processes,and sodium chloride is one of the largest inorganic raw materials used by volume. Its major chemical products are caustic soda and chlorine, which are separated by the electrolysis of a pure brine solution.
- These are used in the manufacture of PVC, plastics, paper pulp and many other inorganic and organic compounds. Salt is also used as a flux in the production of aluminium. For this purpose, a layer of melted salt floats on top of the molten metal and removes iron and other metal contaminants. It is also used in the manufacture of soaps and glycerine, where it is added to the vat to precipitate out the saponified products. As an emulsifier, salt is used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber, and another use is in the firing of pottery, when salt added to the furnace vaporises before condensing onto the surface of the ceramic material, forming a strong glaze.
- When drilling through loose materials such as sand or gravel, salt may be added to the boring mud to provide a stable "wall" to prevent the hole collapsing. There are many other processes in which salt is involved. These include its use as a mordant in textile dying, to regenerate resins in water softening, for the tanning of hides, the preservation of meat and fish and the canning of meat and vegetables
Phosphoric Acid
We hold years of experience in offering a qualitative range of Phosphoric Acid to the customers. The offered range of phosphoric acid> is processed by our vendors in accordance with the international quality standards & norms. This phosphoric acid is highly appreciated by the clients for their brilliant features such as longer shelf life, precise pH value and purity.
Following are the quality attributes of phosphoric acid:
- CAS number: 7664-38-2
- Molecular formula: H3PO4
- Molar mass: 97.994 g/mol
- Appearance: white solid or colorless, viscous liquid (>42 °C)
USES of Phosphoric Acid:
- The dominant use of phosphoric acid is for fertilizers, consuming approximately 90% of production.
- Food additiveFood-grade phosphoric acid (additive E338[11]) is used to acidify foods and beverages such as various colas. It provides a tangy and sour taste. Various salts of phosphoric acid, such as monocalcium phosphate, are used as leavening agents.
- Niche usesPhosphoric acid and its derivatives are pervasive and find many niche applications.
- Rust removalPhosphoric acid may be used to remove rust by direct application to rusted iron, steel tools, or other surfaces. The phosphoric acid changes the reddish-brown iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3 (rust) to ferric phosphate, FePO4.
Among other applications, phosphoric acid is used:
- As an external standard for phosphorus-31 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
- As a buffer agent in biology and chemistry; For example, a buffer for high-performance liquid chromatography.
- As a chemical oxidizing agent for activated carbon production, as used in the Wentworth Process.
- As the electrolyte in phosphoric acid fuel cells.
- With distilled water (2–3 drops per gallon) as an electrolyte in oxyhydrogen generators.
- As a catalyst in the hydration of alkenes to produce alcohols, predominantly ethanol.
- As an electrolyte in copper electropolishing for burr removal and circuit board planarization.
- As a flux by hobbyists (such as model railroaders) as an aid to soldering.
- In compound semiconductor processing, phosphoric acid is a common wet etching agent: for example, in combination with hydrogen peroxide and water it is used to etch InGaAs selective to InP.
- Heated in microfabrication to etch silicon nitride (Si3N4). It is highly selective in etching Si3N4 instead of SiO2, silicon dioxide.
- As a cleaner by construction trades to remove mineral deposits, cementitious smears, and hard water stains.
- As a chelant in some household cleaners aimed at similar cleaning tasks.
- In hydroponics pH solutions to lower the pH of nutrient solutions. While other types of acids can be used, phosphorus is a nutrient used by plants, especially during flowering, making phosphoric acid particularly desirable.
- As a pH adjuster in cosmetics and skin-care products.
- As a dispersing agent in detergents and leather treatment.
- As an additive to stabilize acidic aqueous solutions within a wanted and specified pH range.